Examples Of Power Corrupts In Benito Mussolini - 764 Words

Mussolini and Stalin combined killed about 20 million people. Mussolini lived in Italy. Mussolini ruled constitutionally until power corrupted him in 1922. Mussolini also legalized dictatorship so none of the humans have any rights. It can be argued that power always corrupts, especially when examining the greed, manipulation, and brutality of both the pigs in George Orwell’s Animal Farm and the greed, manipulation, and brutality of the Italian dictator Benito Mussolini. First, one of the reasons power could corrupt someone is because of greed as shown in Animal Farm and the milk and apples which were the best food on the farm. The pigs kept the milk and apples for them self. The other animals never saw milk or apples again. In the book†¦show more content†¦It has all been proved by documents which he left behind him and which we have only just discovered†¦ Did we not see for ourselves how he attempted--fortunately without success--to get us defeated and destroyed at the Battle of the Cowshed?’† This shows how Napoleon is using Squealer for propaganda. He is making Squealer convince the animals that Snowball has been on the side of Johns the whole time. This also forces the animals to believe Napoleon and Squealer because if they don’t they will get killed by Napoleon. Mussolini also used manipulation through newspapers, media, songs, school curriculums and much more. For example, in one of the newspapers he said â €Å"Black Brigades Ready. Yesterday, tomorrow. Fighting for the honor of Italy† (Zhen). This shows how Mussolini uses propaganda with the newspaper the same way Napoleon use squealer for Propaganda. Mussolini basically brainwashed them so they think that everything Mussolini does is good. Mussolini’s use of propaganda was to get the citizens on his side. Third, power could corrupt someone because of brutality. As seen in Animal Farm Napoleon was brutal towards the other animals. For example, he killed the animals when they are old and can’t work or when they disagree with Napoleon. â€Å"The three hens who had been the ringleaders in the attempted rebellion over the eggs now came forward and stated that Snowball had appeared to them in a dream and incited them to disobey Napoleons orders.Show MoreRelatedThe Media Influence On Human Rights1544 Words   |  7 Pagescrucial to analyse few example of when this occurred to show how the impact of the owner could be really affective for the readers or viewers’ choices. Firstly, there is evidence that the media system in Italy is wide and full of controversial aspects. For these reasons the history of Italian press gives irrefutable proof of how the news media industry is powerful and audiences get influenced so easily by the information it gives. Considering, for instance, Benito Mussolini and his propaganda duringRead MoreCauses in the Rise of Italian Fascism: 1870 to 1922 Essay2980 Words   |  12 PagesPiemontese deputies, and the Left, which was formed from Mazzinian former Republicans and a varied assortment of Garibaldini. For the first 15 years of the nation (1861-1876), the electoral pool of 300,000 (out of 20 million) returned the Right to power. Contrary to most expectations, this did not ensure any stability: in fact, those 15 years saw the rise and fall of 8 different prime ministers and of 13 different governments. In the end, the most enduring contribution of the governments of the RightRead MoreGod Is Not Great: How Religion Poison s Everything2031 Words   |  8 Pagesconception of the argument from design, or a Darwinian evolution as its rival, or of the relationship between photosynthesis and chlorophyll.†(Hitchens 3). Hitchens starts to defend his argument by explaining how religion is the bases of war and uses examples from places he visited during his life span where he witness for himself the cruelty of religious inspired attacks. This led to his argument on how we do not need a god to explain the rational reasoning of things occurring in the world. Without godRead MoreWinston Churchill’s View on Democracy1928 Words   |  8 Pagess.  Ã‚  Democracy  is  also  fragile  and  so  can   break  down  if  citizens  are  ignorant,  mal ­informed,  or  self ­interested.  Also,  in  corrupt  countries   with  so ­called  Ã¢â‚¬Å"democracy†,  bribes  can  interfere  with  responsible  government.  Ã‚  With  a  slow   decision ­making  process,  democracy,  and  the  checks  and  balances  that  help  make  democracy   effective,  also  makes  it  inefficient.  For  example,  in  the  U.S.,  before  a  law  is  passed,  it  spends  a   great  deal  of  time  in  the  hands  of  Congressional  officials,  and  even  in  the  hands  of  the  PresidentRead MoreItalian Film and Neorealism2472 Words   |  10 Pagessocial justice in the post war italian state.† (Marcus, xiv) Even before the war, Italy had been under the dictatorship of Benito Mussolini and his corrupt form of government, Fascism, which caused oppression throughout the country. Neorealistic films allowed filmmakers to use common styles and techniques to finally reveal the world filled with anguish and misery that Mussolini had created. These films allowed the rebirth of Italy with the new ideals of freedom and social order. Some directors chooseRead MoreHistorical context of 1984-george orwell2250 Words   |  9 Pagesanswer just what kind of book he was writing. One of the things that make 1984 such an important work of political fiction is the fact that it was written in a period of unprecedented political instability. It was the end of the worlds great imperial powers and the rise of a new age of politics. Democracy, fascism and communism were vying for dominance and the outcome of their struggle could not be predicted. Most people at the time were content to read 1984 as a straightforward allegory of the aboutRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pagesdetermining beginnings and endings that accord with major shifts in political and socioeconomic circumstances and dynamics rather than standard but arbitrary chronological break points. In the decades that followed the Great War, the victorious European powers appeared to have restored, even expanded, their global political and economic preeminence only to see it eclipsed by the emergence of the Soviet and U.S. superpowers on their periphery and a second round of even more devastating global conflict.

The Evil Eye in The Tell-Tale Heart Essay - 1795 Words

The Evil Eye in The Tell-Tale Heart In Edgar Allen Poes Short story The Tell-Tale Heart much is made of the evil eye of the old man. Immediately we are introduced to a man who would never hurt a fly. The narrator of the story even goes so far as to say he loved the old man. This old man is portrayed as one who would do anything for you. However, the caretaker of the old man has one small problem with the old man. The eye that darn evil eye! What could cause a person to become enraged by an eye and only one eye? Martha Womack stated that the violence comes from an irrational fear represented through the old mans eye. The belief in the evil eye dates back to ancient times, and even today, is fairly common†¦show more content†¦Clearly there is a reason for the usage of only one eye. B. D. Tucker wrote of the possibility of the eye representing a higher being. This sparked the option and bringing about the eye of God belief. Talking about many things from the Cyclopes, the possibility of an eye of a higher being, and more so on the Christian side of what the story means. Tucker wrote more about the ties to The Bible with the three men who come to the door after the murder. The mentioning of the possibility of the eye as a higher being caused me to pursue how the eye could be that of the one true God. Focusing on the ending of the story when the three officers I wanted to look at the influence of God in the earlier stages of the story with the evil eye. I needed to find where a single eye is used in other areas both in literature and in everyday use. There were many places to look but none would deal with God until I looked closer at both my Bible and at the symbolism of one eye. I remembered seeing a single eye on the Great Seal of the United States both on the eagle and on the capstone of the pyramid. This got me thinking as to when the seal was placed on the dollar bill. As stated at the Great Seals website the seal was first placed on the one dollar bill in 1935 well after the publishing date of The Tell-Tale Heart in 1850 (Kennedy 33). However, upon further reading about the seal I noticed it was created in 1782 so PoeShow MoreRelatedThe Tell Tale Heart By Edgar Allan Poe879 Words   |  4 PagesIn between guilt, paranoia and obsession The Tell-Tale Heart by Edgar Allan Poe uses several literary elements to support the themes of the story. The story is based on a gruesome murder of an old man. The author uses madness, obsessio n and guilt as themes to prove how the narrator is truly twisted and insane. Madness is the first theme of the story; in the beginning the narrator tries to convince the audience he is not mad (insane). â€Å"TRUE!... nervous very, very nervous I had been and am; but whyRead MoreAnalysis Of The Tell Tale Heart1092 Words   |  5 PagesThe tale of the heart In the short story, â€Å" The Tell Tale Heart† written by Edgar Allen Poe the insane narrator tells us about the murdering he committed. Because the narrator saw the man and his cataract eye as evil, he thus killed the man. To start with, The narrator would go into his room every night at midnight to see when it is a good time to kill him. The narrator would go into his room every night at midnight to see when it is a good time to kill him. â€Å" Gradually- I made up my mind to takeRead MoreThe Importance Of Suspense In The Tell Tale Heart By Edgar Allen Poe800 Words   |  4 Pagesthe importance of the readers imagination in creating a scary tale. Another well known author, Edgar Allan Poe, mastered this technique by creating story’s that draw the reader into his freighting world in one of his famous stories. In the The Tell-Tale Heart. The Tell-Tale Heart by Edgar Allen Poe is horror story because it has suspense, an internal monster, and the plot is more import ant than the character. One reason The Tell Tale Heart by Edgar Allan Poe is a horror story because of the suspenseRead MoreAnalysis Of Edgar Allan Poe s A Tell Tale Heart1289 Words   |  6 Pages Inside the Heart There are many well-known poets, but not many are as unique as Edgar Allan Poe. By the age of 13, Poe had become a creative poet (Biographies). Many of Poe s works were horrific fictional stories. His first book was published in Boston in 1827, called Tamerlane and other Poems. More of Poe s major works include Tales of the Grotesque a d Arabesque, which included his most spine tingling tales such as Ligeia and The Fall of the House of Usher. Most of Poe s works haveRead MoreEssay on The Tell-Tale Heart852 Words   |  4 PagesAndrew Fiddler Professor Esquivel English 1020 15 February 2013 Themes of â€Å"The Tell-Tale Heart† Edgar Allen Poe explores the similarity of love and hate in many stories, especially â€Å"The Tell Tale Heart.† In â€Å"The Tell-Tale Heart,† the narrator confesses a love for an old man whom he then violently murders and dismembers the body and hides the pieces below the floorboards in the bedroom. When the police arrive, the narrator appears normal and unshaken by the murder. Later on, the man gives inRead MoreThe Tell Tale Heart By Edgar Allan Poe Essay1477 Words   |  6 Pagestried to convince yourself and others that you weren’t in the wrong for doing something bad? Well, the narrator in the story The Tell-Tale Heart does. Edgar Allan Poe is known to write stories that are of Dark Romanticism. Dark romanticism is a literary genre that showcases gothic stories that portray torture, insanity, murder, and revenge. The story â€Å"The Tell-Tale Heart† is no different. Edgar Allan Poe does a great job with making the readers wonder throughout this sh ort story. This allegory makesRead MoreSymbolism in Poe’s Works Essay1166 Words   |  5 Pagesfeeling into their literary work they are writing. Edgar Allan Poe frequently uses this literary device in his works. Symbols are many times seen in his poems and in his short stories. Many symbols are evident in Poe’s works â€Å"The Raven,† â€Å"The Tell-Tale Heart,† and â€Å"The Black Cat.† Because Poe’s works are typically dark, his use of symbols is in a dark way. Although there are many types of symbols manifested in these stories, Poe’s works generally include a symbol that eludes death or the end of somethingRead MoreThe Tell Tale Heart Essay1427 Words   |  6 PagesThe Tell Tale Heart The Tell Tale Heart is a story about a man who killed an old man just because he didnt like the way his eyes looked like. The main character speaks about madness as being a gift and not a kid of disability for example in paragraph one on page 93 he says: but why would you say that I am mad? The disease had sharpened my senses-not destroyed-not dulled them. The mad man killed the old man and then cut him up and put him under the floorboards ofRead MoreThe Tell Tale Heart And The Birth Mark Only A Couple Of Months Apart1428 Words   |  6 PagesContemporaries Edgar Alan Poe and Nathaniel Hawthorne published their respective short stories The Tell-Tale Heart and The Birth-Mark only a couple of months apart. The Tell-Tale Heart is the personal account of a young man’s descent into madness as he becomes increasingly fixated on the eye of an older man, presumably his father. Similarly, The Birth-Mark narrates the story of a young couple, Aylmer and Georgiana, and how the latter’s birthmark becomes the obsession of the former. Poe and Hawthorne’sRead MoreThe Tell Tale Heart And The Legend Of Sleepy Hollow1690 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"The Tell-Tale Heart† and â€Å"The Legend of Sleepy Hollow† One of Washington Irving’s short and most famous stories ‘The Legend of Sleepy Hollow’ has become a ghoulish characteristic yet an individual might still be unaccustomed with its idiocy (Hoffman, 425). Based on the real legend of Ichabod Crane, the story reveals how he disappeared. For that reason, the story revolves around the themes of wealth, appearances, truth, warfare, supernatural, gluttony and greed. On the other hand, The Tell-Tale

Pulp Fiction Analysis Free Essays

Pulp Fiction – 1994 Color – 154 mins. Producer: Lawrence Bender Director: Quentin Tarantino Screenplay: Quentin Tarantino and Roger Avary Director of Photography: Andrzej Sekula Editor: Sally Menke Music: Rolf Johnson Introduction Released in October of 1994, this crime/thriller/gangster film, directed by Quentin Tarantino, is still one of the most widely controversial classic American movies of all time. Pulp Fiction blew the Box Office away when it received a whopping nine million dollars on opening night alone. We will write a custom essay sample on Pulp Fiction Analysis or any similar topic only for you Order Now The film is known for its extremely ironic blend of humor and brutal violence, as well as its multiple story lines that eventually weave themselves together. Quentin Tarantino strays from the ordinary script by giving the characters long, intense, and surprisingly profound monologues and dialogues throughout this film. The film’s title, Pulp Fiction, comes from magazines and novels about gangs and crime that were popular during the time of the films release. Tarantino presents his trademark style of the out of order plot in this film, just as in many of his others. The inspiration of this film has been profoundly felt throughout many aspects of the film industry, even having an affect on the independent film world, though it is not an independent movie. Pulp Fiction stars many famous Hollywood actors such as John Travolta, Samuel L. Jackson, Tim Roth, Amanda Plummer, and Bruce Willis. In 1995 Quentin Tarantino and Roger Avary won the Oscar for Best Writing for this film, and it was nominated for six other Oscars in the same year. Tarantino was also awarded the Palme d’Or at the Cannes Film Festival for his directing this movie in 1994. Pulp Fiction was truly an influential movie for its time and, without a doubt, a classic American film. Plot Summary As the credits end a title card is shown which gives two dictionary definitions of the word â€Å"pulp. † The camera then fades to show a couple sitting in a diner having a discussion about robbing banks and liquor stores. The woman, called â€Å"Honey Bunny,† and the man, â€Å"Pumpkin,† decide they would likely make more from customers wallets than they would from the till itself. They proceed to stand up in their booth and announce that they are robbing the diner. Immediately after he announces this the scene cuts and the opening credits begin. We then see two men, who we later learn are Jules Winnfield and Vincent Vega, driving a car and discussing a recent trip to Europe. The two are wearing dress suits and are on their way to get a briefcase for their boss, Marsellus Wallace, from a man that did business with Wallace without paying him for it. Winnfield and Vega discuss foot massages, their bosses wife, and â€Å"Royale with Cheeses† before ultimately entering the mans room, retrieving the briefcase, and killing the man and another man in the room. The scene cuts and we are in what appears to be an empty restaurant with Butch Coolidge, a fighter, and Marsellus Wallace. Coolidge agrees to lose his upcoming fight in exchange for a great deal of money from Wallace. The next day, Vega drives to a friends house to shoot up heroin before heading to Marsellus Wallace’s house to take his wife, Mia Wallace, out for the night, just as Wallace asked him to while he is away. They arrive at Jack Rabbit Slim’s, a fifties diner, and participate in a twist competition, and return to the Wallace house. While Vega is in the bathroom, Mia finds a bag of heroin in his jacket pocket and, thinking it is cocaine, shorts it and overdoses. Scared and worried, Vega rushes Mia to his heroin dealers house to try and save her. They proceed to give her a shot of adrenaline in her chest which awakens her, and Mia and Vincent decide not to tell Wallace about what happened. The story then goes back to Coolidge, the fighter, preparing for his fight. Having received the money from Wallace to throw the fight prior to the fight, he wins the fight, flees the arena, and hops in a cab. He learns from the driver that he killed his opponent and hides out in a motel with his girlfriend before realizing that she forgot to pack his watch. When he returns to his apartment he notices a gun on the counter and, upon seeing Vega exit his bathroom, he shoots and kills him. When leaving the apartment Coolidge hits Wallace with his car. After a foot chase, kidnapping by a shop owner, and Coolidge saving Wallace’s life, Wallace agrees to forget about the fight so long as he does not tell anyone bout what happened with the shop owner. The story then returns to Vega and Winnfield at the apartment when a man they were not aware was there jumps out of the bathroom and shoots at them. He misses every shot and is killed when Vega and Winnfield return fire, and Winnfield is convinced it is a sign from God that they were not hit with a single bullet. They then take the only man left alive in the apartment, Marvin, to be their informant. While in the car talking about the â€Å"m iracle from God,† Vega accidentally shoot Marvin in the face. In an act to get their blood covered car out of public the two men call upon a friend, played by Quentin Tarantino, for help cleaning up. With the help of a â€Å"The Wolf† the men and their friend are able to clean up the car, themselves, and dispose of the body and go to breakfast. As they eat breakfast in a coffee shop, they discuss Winnfield’s plan of retiring due to the â€Å"sign from God. † The story then cuts to Honey Bunny and Pumpkin and their discussion from the first scene of the movie, just before they hold up the same restaurant where Vega and Winnfield are eating. With Vega in the bathroom, Honey Bunny and Pumpkin announce they are robbing the place and request Winnfield’s mysterious briefcase. Winnfield draws his gun on Pumpkin which causes Honey Bunny to point her gun at Winnfield as well until Vega emerges from the bathroom with his gun pointed at Honey Bunny. Winnfield tells the couple he will let them go with the money they collected from the customers wallets so long as he lets him keep the briefcase. They agree and leave the restaurant with their loot. Winnfield decides he is going to be retiring after they give Wallace the briefcase. The scene then fades to black and the movie is over. Comments/Response To me, this film is a one of a kind piece of art that Quentin Tarantino beautifully wrote and directed. Some aspects of the movie – the fact that the audience must decode the order of the scenes – were not my favorite, but overall this film is one of the greatest, in my eyes. Tarantino’s use of dialogue in this film is astonishingly clever as most people would not think of â€Å"gangsters† as the type to enjoy a good intellectual conversation. Similarly, I found it interesting that Samuel L. Jackson’s character, Jules Winnfield, seemed to be a religious man in that twice during the movie he recites Ezekiel 25:17 from the bible, as well as believing that the fact that they had been shot at several times and had not been hit was a sign from God. Tarantino does an outstanding job with having the first and the last scenes partially overlap as well as having them unfold at the same time, even though they are not presented together in the movie. He ultimately allows the audience to see the same scene twice but from an entirely new perspective without even realizing it at first. All in all, Quentin Tarantino’s Pulp Fiction is not only a classic American film that has forever changed several media, but it also successfully skews the audiences morals into unknowingly viewing the â€Å"bad guys† as the heros, which is no easy task in film. This is a must see film for all who love a great film as well as a good deal of blood. How to cite Pulp Fiction Analysis, Papers

Entrepreneurship Of Venture Capital Firms †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Entrepreneurship Of Venture Capital Firms. Answer: Introduction Venture capital is a form of financing which is provided to small emerging firms for high potential growth in the future. The venture capital firms invest in these startup companies in the initial stage for ownership or equity. The startup companies are based on new and innovative technologies (Hbr.org 2017). The startup companies do not have access to capital markets and thus venture capital is an essential source of money. The risk involved in venture capital is high for the investors. However, the venture capitalist can take part in the important decisions of the company. In this era of globalization, venture capital has become a popular source of capital funding because other source of funds such as debts or loans are not easily available to the company. The angel investors who are also known as high net worth individuals (HNWIs) provide venture capital for the small startup businesses. The venture capital industry is envied as an engine of economic growth throughout the world (H br.org 2017). Venture money cannot be regarded as long term money. The venture capitalist in the initial stage buys a stake and then nurtures it accordingly in a short span of time. Finally the capitalist has to exit it with the help of investment banker. The investors who invest in the venture capital funds are usually large institutions such as insurance companies, pension funds and financial funds (Hbr.org 2017). These institutions invest a small proportion of their funds in the high risk investments. The return expected from these investments may range from 25%-35% over the entire period of time. The venture capitalist tries to fulfill the expectation of the investors at an acceptable level of risk by analyzing the investment profile and the structure. The venture capitalist usually spends in the middle stage i.e. the growth stage. They avoid investing in the initial stage of development because the technologies and the market conditions are unknown and uncertain in this stage. Moreover, the c apitalist also avoid investing in the later stages because the rate of growth slows down and consolidations become inevitable. The venture capitalist gets extraordinary returns at a much lower risk when they exit the company or the industry before it shuts down completely (Hbr.org 2017). Description of Venture Capital backed startups Jio Technology Reliance Jio is a mobile network operator in India. It provides wireless 4G LTE service and is the only VoLTe network which do not have 2G and 3G coverage among the 22 telecom services. Jio is in global alliance with the other mobile network operators such as Millicom, Orange S.A., BT Group, Telia Company, MTS, Deutsche Telecom, Telecom Italia and Rogers Communication. The company also shares spectrum with Reliance telecommunications. Recently, in July 2017 it has launched its 4G featured phone which is known as JioPhone. The company also works in collaboration with the local cable operators for expanding its broadband services. Reliance Jio has set up Rs 5000 cr venture capital fund for the startup companies. The company will also play an important role in the promotion of entrepreneurship by providing cheaper services to the entrepreneurs (Business-standard.com 2017). There are ample of market opportunities for the entrepreneurs of Jio. Reliance Jio will try to capture the entire consumer group in India and thus this will increase the number of online transactions and also increase the market size. The e-commerce market will expand rapidly and thus it will expand the business of the company. Reliance Jio has targeted the customers of all age group. It has targeted 100 million customers in a very short span of time. The customers of Jio will prefer to use the services because it is providing attractive packages at a very cheaper cost compared to other telecommunication providers. The customers will get 4G services at an affordable cost initially and thus it will help in the expansion of business. The company will introduce such tariffs plan which will be attractive and also affordable by all classes of people. It will provide free voice calls to the people which the provided by other companies through payment of a considerable amount of money (Indianexpress.com 2017). Bettle Express Bettle Express is a logistic company of Singapore which provides quality services to the customers and timely delivery. It connects the two important hubs in Asia. Beetle express provides door to door services in Indonesia from China and Singapore. They also help the customers in clearing their taxes and duties and also delivering important documents on time. They ensure the customers about the shipping and custom declaration and have won the trust of the customers. Bettle Express has direct relationship with the important and major airlines service providers in Indonesia, Singapore and China. The company has ground operational staffs in this major international airport who takes care of the logistics services. The company also provides door-to-door e-commerce distribution services. Beetle Express is preferred by the venture capitalist because it can quickly flourish in a short span of time (Beetleexpress.co 2017). Beetle Express is providing unique services to the customers. It is a specialist in international ocean freight and thus it is trying to expand on this sector. It is trying to expand in all the major international destinations apart from the three important countries where it operates. Beetle Express is providing services at an affordable rate and thus it is widely preferred by the people. The target market of Beetle Express is the business group who provides various types of online services of the customers. Beetle Express basically relies on the B2B. The online services which are provided by various companies are outsourced to Beetle Express for logistics so that they can deliver them to the customers. The customers will prefer to Beetle Express are getting services at an affordable cost compared to other logistics company. They also get the services delivered on time and thus are preferred by a wide number of companies. The company will expand its services in other countries. It will expand its business from B2B to B2C so that it can reach to the mass market in a short span of time (Empirija.lt 2017). Zalora Zalora is an e-commerce company of Singapore that provides fashion and footwear products to the customers. The company provides a wide choice of branded products to the customers such as Casio, Nike, Puma, Mango and many more. Zalora provides a wide choice to both the genders and also kids of all ages. Zalora provides easy shopping and fun loving experience to the customers. There are various modes of payments which the customers can opt to choose and enjoy their shopping. The customers are provided with secured payment options and they can also keep a track of their products after placing the order. Zalora also provides free shipping to the customers if they shop for a minimum value that is set by the company. The company also provides the customers with various fashion tips and advices. Zalora also provides discounts and online magazines to its premium clients. The company has received equity of $112 million and it will expand more rapidly in the future (Businesstimes.com.sg 2017 ) . Zalora is trying to convert the traditional shoppers who purchases from bricks and mortar store to e-consumers. Moreover, as the economy of Singapore is rapidly growing it has become easier for the company to expand and be one of the leading e-commerce fashion and footwear industry. The target market of Zalora is the young and the middle aged customers of both the gender. The customers who prefer to buy fashionable products will prefer to use Zalora and thus it will help the company to expand. The customers will prefer to buy the products from Zalora because it provides unique products at an affordable price. Zalora provides attractive discounts to the customers so that they can always compete with the other e-commerce companies. The company is trying to expand in other countries and it will also provide the customers with a wide choice of brands. Zalora will prefer to keep the branded items which are comparatively cheaper than top brands so that it becomes easier to expand among the middle income customers who cannot afford to buy branded and costly products every time (E27.co 2017). Astroscale Astroscale is a satellite company of Singapore which is trying to grow with various innovative solutions. The main aim of the company is to contribute for the sustainability of the space environment through the development of various innovative technologies. It is also providing services in the removal of debris in spacecraft. Astroscale is investing a huge sum on tracking and monitoring of debris. The company is spreading widely in the global market. The investors of Astroscale will not only contribute for supplying high quality instruments but they will also spend the fund in mass production of debris removal from the satellites. The company will get venture capital from JAFCO. The funds will be raised by JAFCO for accelerating samll manufacturing satellites (Agrivomycosciences.com 2017). The company will expand its business in space debris removal because it is a social problem and there are very few companies which are investing in these fields. Moreover, the population of space debris is increasing at an alarming rate and it will help Astroscale to expand rapidly in these fields. The target market of AstroScale will be the aeronautical companies who will purchase the debris and recycle them for their further use. The customers i.e. the aeronautical company will buy the products and utilize them in research and development. They can also use them in cheap services which are used for demonstration. The company will spend further amount in research and development and thus it will help them in the development of the company. It will also establish hubs in the overseas market so that it can collaborate with various space programs (Astroscale.com 2017). Agrivo Mycosciences The business activities of Agrivo Mycosciences include production of substrates bags and cultivation of medicinal mushrooms and gourmet mushrooms which are used in various fields of research and development. This business is an expanding agribusiness and thus it covers the entire supply chain. Agrivo MycoSciences takes care that produces high quality mushrooms. These mushrooms are supplied in the entire ASEAN market because people prefer to eat nutritious fungi which are free of pesticides. No chemicals are used by Agrivo Mycosciences in the entire growing process. It also manufactures mushroom chips, mushroom goodies, mushroom essence and mushroom soup at an affordable rate. The company mainly caters services to B2C segments and thus they created a brand known as Mushroom Kingdom. They also participate in various community events to expand their business and make people aware of their brand. Agrivo Mycosciences also attends the Farmer Market show which is organized by the Singapore People association. The company gets venture from the community market in Singapore for the expansion of its business. There is a wide market opportunity for Agrivo MycoSciences to expand its business because the company does not use any kind of pesticides and chemicals in the growth of mushrooms. If they produce quality mushrooms, they will be preferred by the hotels and restaurants in preparing various traditional dishes. Agrivo MycoSciences has targeted the people of ASEAN. The consumers of all age group prefer to eat mushroom. They also targeted the tribal community in these countries. The customers will prefer to buy mushrooms from Agrivo Mycosciences because they produce quality products. Moreover, the people are much concerned about their health and nutrition and thus they will prefer this company. Moreover, people will get the products at an affordable cost. The company must try to expand in other countries which will help to increase its brand awareness. Moreover, it must also manufacture mushroom pickles because it is widely preferred by the people of various communities (Agrivomycosciences.com 2017). SpaceKnow SpaceKnow is a venture backed startup in the Silicon Valley. This company has developed such products which have helped to track the global economic trends from space. SpaceKnow is trying to capture such imaging platforms which will be available through various kinds of interface. The company is trying to develop these products to keep a close monitoring of the economic activities which will help the clients as well as the consumers. SpaceKnow has made various kinds of analysis in the field of urbanization, construction, vegetation, marine and aircraft. SpaceKnow is one of the leading data analytics providers. The most important products of SpaceKnow are China Satellite Manufacturing and African night Indexes which are used worldwide. The company is also trying to expand in multinational construction and other industries. The U.S. military who is the one of the largest buyer of commercial data through various geospatial imagery is using the products of SpaceKnow. SpaceKnow gets funds from Prattle, a company which is using artificial intelligence for turning various things into tradable signals. It has raised $3.3 m from other investors. Some amount of funds is also provided by BlueYard which is a German venture capital company. BlueYard helps in using artificial intelligence which will help to scan, describe and understand the surface of the Earth using imageries from satellites (Spaceknow.com 2017). SpaceKnow will provide traditional statistics and surveys with various types of social media data and satellite data. This will help the company in capturing the market. Space Know has targeted the geographical and the industrial intelligence companies. It is uniquely positioned in the market for producing sustainable products which will help to build a viable and large business analytics. The customers of SpaceKnow will prefer to buy the products because there are no such companies which are providing these products at a cheaper cost. The unique data sets are demanded by the customers because it will give a correct analysis of different sectors of the economy. The company will try to expand its business and help the customers for authentic analysis of the data sets. Accelerated Ventures Accelerated Digital Venture provides advisory and technology services to the emerging companies which will help to map out the development or collaborate in partnerships with the other companies. This company tries to help the emerging startup companies by providing resources and research projects from the leading research and development centers. The company also evaluates the assessment of the leading scientists and thus helps them to participate in the research projects. Accelerated venture has a committee of advisors who are engaged in the development of these projects and they help the scientists in the selection of new topics for their proposals or research work. The company has also developed due intelligence platform through collaboration with AnglePlus. AngelPlus has helped Accelerated Ventures in developing a wide network of investors. Accelerated Ventures also uses CSI Diagnostic Organization Optimizer for development of mature projects. The accelerator, fund and the spons orship systems are designed in such away so that it helps in the creation of a closed loop for licensing and innovation. Accelerated Venture has received venture capital from various companies. Accelerated Venture will expand its business and help the leading companies in their expansion. It will also help the crow funding companies and thus it can expand in this way. Accelerated Venture will target the startup companies and thus help them in research and development. They will also provide an investment platform for the customers and the corporate in various countries. The business development of Accelerated Ventures will never stop because it engages a continuous research and development processes. The company will try to expand among the public and also participate in various joint ventures. It will also help in the development of other companies. Accelerated Venture will also provide licenses to the operating partners i.e. the manufacturer or pharmaceutical companies. Accelerated Venture will also help the leading companies to split the projects and assist those companies in their development (Accelerated.ventures 2017). ViSenze ViSenze uses artificial intelligence and computer vision for recognition of the images and visual search in e-commerce websites. It is a Singapore based company that was provided funds by other companies for its startup. ViSenze helps in transforming the commercial sector through artificial intelligence. It helps the shoppers to capture the images and search various items in the store via online mode. The company has been undergoing research and development in computer technology and machine learning. It has recommended several items to the online shoppers on the e-commerce platform to search and browse the pictures or publish the content on the social media platforms. Visenze has also helped in building the technologies that will help in processing pixels and gathering intelligence from these images. They use processing metadata on the visual search startups and thus make it easier for the customers to search the images (Techcrunch.com 2017). ViSenze will expand its market in the international global market because there is a rise in the number of online shoppers who will be using these technologies for shopping. The target market of ViSenze is the customers of all age group especially the young women who prefer online shopping. The customers will prefer to buy products from ViSenze because it provides them unique products and thus they get the videos of those products before purchasing them. The company will expand its product range and thus it will use more innovative solutions in further development. This will help Vicenza to earn more profit (Visenze.com 2017). WaveCell WaveCell is a Singapore based company that helps in creation of APIs for various communication tools. It has helped the developers in the integration of chat, voice, SMS and video calling in various applications. The company is trying to expand in Indonesia, Thailand and Honkong. The company has collaborated with other large cloud communication providers such as Nexmo and Twilio. It has also planned to differentiate its business by focusing on the Southeast Asia rather than expanding in Europe and U.S. This is because it can compete with the other companies if it expands in these countries. WaveCell was funded by a venture capital company named Wavemaker Partners and Qualgro. Wavecell has developed such technologies which has enabled the communication features in websites and apps. WaveCell offers a collection of APIs which helps in the development of the mobile apps. This in turns benefits the customers and thus they can communicate through video calls, SMS, voice calls and other pu sh notifications. Wavecell will capture the growing market because the API market is growing immensely. The various mobile app developers will use their products and this will help in expanding their business. The target market of Wave Cell is the app developers of Smartphone. They will use the API for improving the apps. The customers will prefer to use the products of WaveCell because they are constantly innovating and finding out new solutions which will helps in the development of the company. The company will expand in other countries and it will also find out new solutions for the development of its business. It will design more apps for smartphones and thus this will help the company in earning more profits (Wavecell.com 2017). Xfers Xfers is a payment gateway and it helps the customers with online bank account in transfer of funds or transaction of business through online payments. It also offers credit card processing and other types of fund transfers to the customers. Xfers receives its fund from a venture capital company known as Quest ventures, Golden Gate Ventures and 500 Startups. The company has helped to build a new payment infrastructure. Xfers is trying to replace the legacy providers and also reducing high cost which is associated with the processing of credit cards. The clients can pay online through a link and this will help benefit the clients. Xfers also helps in accepting the payments on the e-commerce websites. They also integrate the plugins in website with a click. It will be easier for Xfers to expand its business because people prefer to pay through credit cards rather than cash in delivery. It must develop the apps in such a way so that it is user friendly and people can use it very easily. The target market for Xfers is the customers who buys various products and make payments through credit cards or other online modes. The customers will prefer to choose and make payments through Xfers because it will be easier for them to make payments. It will expand its business in future by developing certain apps which can be easily used by the people who do not want to pay through credit cards(Xfers.com 2017). Conclusion Thus, it can be said that a company backed through venture capital can expand and flourish in a short span of time. There are various venture capital companies which are providing funds to the startup companies so that they can expand their business in future. The startup companies target a narrow customer base initially and with the expansion of time, they try to expand and develop its business. These venture capital backed companies are suitable for the growing economies. The startup companies will try to expand in the global international market. Thus, it can be said that it will be profitable for the companies who are providing funds to the startup companies. References Accelerated.Ventures 2017.Accelerated Ventures. [online] Available at: https://accelerated.ventures/ [Accessed 5 Sep. 2017]. Agrivomycosciences.com. 2017.Agrivo MycoSciences. [online] Available at: https://agrivomycosciences.com/our-business/ [Accessed 5 Sep. 2017]. Astroscale.com 2017.AstroScale. [online] Available at: https://astroscale.com/ [Accessed 5 Sep. 2017]. Beetleexpress.co 2017.Beetle Express. [online] Available at: https://beetleexpress.co/ [Accessed 5 Sep. 2017]. Business-standard.com 2017.Business Standard. [online] Available at: https://www.business-standard.com/article/companies/foxconn-technology-may-make-4g-feature-phones-for-reliance-jio-117071800041_1.html [Accessed 5 Sep. 2017]. Businesstimes.com.sg 2017.Business Times. [online] Available at: https://www.businesstimes.com.sg/consumer/zalora-the-startup-all-grown-up-hones-its-operations-at-klang-hub [Accessed 5 Sep. 2017]. E27.co 2017.Zalora. [online] Available at: https://e27.co/startup/zalora [Accessed 5 Sep. 2017]. Empirija.lt 2017.Empirija. [online] Available at: https://www.empirija.lt/beetle-express-en [Accessed 5 Sep. 2017]. Hbr.org 2017.Harvard Business Review. [online] Available at: https://hbr.org/1998/11/how-venture-capital-works [Accessed 4 Sep. 2017]. Hbr.org 2017.Harvard BusinessReview. [online] Available at: https://hbr.org/2013/05/six-myths-about-venture-capitalists [Accessed 4 Sep. 2017]. Indianexpress.com 2017.Indian Express. [online] Available at: https://indianexpress.com/article/technology/tech-news-technology/reliance-jio-4g-volte-technology-heres-how-voice-calls-will-work/ [Accessed 5 Sep. 2017]. Spaceknow.com 2017.SpaceKnow. [online] Available at: https://spaceknow.com/ [Accessed 5 Sep. 2017]. Techcrunch.com 2017.Techcruch. [online] Available at: https://techcrunch.com/2016/09/15/singapores-visenze-raises-10-5m-to-bring-the-benefits-of-ai-to-e-commerce/ [Accessed 5 Sep. 2017]. Visenze.com 2017.ViSenze. [online] Available at: https://www.visenze.com [Accessed 5 Sep. 2017]. Wavecell.com 2017.WaveCell. [online] Available at: https://wavecell.com/ [Accessed 5 Sep. 2017]. Xfers.com 2017.Xfers. [online] Available at: https://www.xfers.com/sg/ [Accessed 5 Sep. 2017].

TOK E5 Essays - Philosophical Logic, Reality, Justification

TOK E5 True and False seem to be such clear and simple terms, opposites and mutually exclusive. In reality, however we may inhabit, in much or even most of our knowledge the fuzzy area in between the two. Discuss the difficulties of attempts to draw a clear line between the two categories in at least two areas of knowledge. The question of the definition of true and false has for centuries of western civilization baffled the greatest of philosophers. The question being not just simply the definition of True and false, but rather where one can draw the line which delineates/segregates the two. In order to extrapolate an answer for this question an investigation into at least two areas of knowledge must be conducted for contrasting purposes. For this particular essay these areas are Mathematics and Psychology. The difference in relation to the above question between the two areas of knowledge is that they are nearly exact opposites. There exists an intrinsic truth to proper mathematics (proper mathematics example 7+5=12) because it is based upon and interconnected with Kant's synthetic judgments and a priori knowledge, whilst Psychology claims its base with a posteriori knowledge and analytic judgments. In addition Plato contends in direct contrast to Protagoras that truth isn't relative and is objective and absolute. Hence proper mathematics with its basis in a priori knowledge (universally and necessarily True) is the essence of "unfuzziness," whilst Psychology is because of its basis/support of a posteriori/experience knowledge is the opposite, the epitome of "fuzziness." Immanuel Kant contends that inside of our mind exists what he calls a priori, or before experience knowledge, which is universally and necessarily True. Kant states that this a priori knowledge, of which time and space is an integral part, is the basis for our edifice of knowledge which we strive to build higher and higher, larger and larger metaphorically. In order to justify the existence of a priori take for example the human form. If one was to make void the human form of all perceptual characteristics (a posteriori) the only thing left is the space which it occupies, therefore the space must exist else the object does not exist. This is also true of time, causality, and other a priori, which lie outside the realm phenomena or experience. So these a priori are universally and necessarily True, and all knowledge adheres to these the inborn constructs of the mind. Plato made a statement about the nature of truth, a rational view that truth is not relative, but rather objective and absolute. This view upon the nature of truth is displayed through the following composed dialogue created by Dr. Sahakian between Plato and Protagoras. Protagoras: Plato, what is true for you, is true for you, and what is true for me, is true for me. Plato: Do you mean to say that my personal opinion is true? Protagoras: Indeed, that is precisely what I mean. Plato: But my dear Protagoras, my opinion is that truth is not relative; truth is not a matter of opinion, but objective and absolute. Furthermore, my opinion is that you belief in the relativity of true is absolutely false and should be abandoned. Do you still hold that my opinion is true? Protagoras: Yes, you are quite right. By stating that truth is not relative, Plato is essentially alluding to its' objective and absolute characteristics. These characteristics in turn lend that there exists within the frame work of the human mind all truth which is solely objective, limited, and unchanging. How then are these perspectives applicable to the areas of Mathematics and Psychology? Let us take for example mathematics, which is part of the "exact sciences," coupled with geometry and logic. Take for example the proper Mathematics statement "7+5=12", called a synthetic judgment by Kant. This statement/synthetic judgment although symbols are used to identify the number is universally true because its basis/support lies in a priori knowledge. If someone was however to state that "7+5=12", then we would declare the statement to be false, because it contradicts the proper Mathematics statement of "7+5=12." According to Plato truth is absolute and unchanging as is the statement "7+5=12." Also as a general rule proper Mathematics works in perfect harmony with nature, and can accurately describe

Windows NT vs Linux essays

Windows NT vs Linux essays According to the Microsoft Corporation, Windows 2000 (AKA Windows NT 5.0) is the revolutionary new operating system geared to take care of business. Advertised by Bill Gates and associates to be the best thing for business network file-systems since multi-tasking, it hosts a slew of new features. Included in these new features are innovative security settings, Internet and file-system integration, support for SMP (multi-processors), and most importantly, fewer crash scenarios than previous versions of Windows. The infamous instability of Microsoft products has long been a blemish on the company's track record. With different versions of Windows 2000 for different applications (Professional, Server, and Advanced Server), Microsoft hopes that this new implementation of Windows NT architecture will prove to be the best choice for businesses. Opposing the Microsoft machine in the battle for business computers is a lesser-known, yet increasingly popular operating system named Linux. Linux has been around for nearly 10 years now, as a less involved implementation of UNIX code. This operating system takes a dramatically different approach to computing than Windows. Programmed not by a single company, but by computer whiz groups and individuals, it is very popular among the tech savvy. Consequently these tech savvy groups have created not just one, but hundreds of versions of Linux worldwide. While all versions of Linux use the same basic kernel (core source-code, currently version 2.4) the different distributions can include any number of productivity applications, programming compilers, and other services. Depending on what version of Linux suits an administrator, he can probably get it for free. Linux has been developed under the GNU public license, which means that all Linux source code is absolutely free. While certain companies have marketed their compiled versions of Linux, they are still required to provide the original code fr...

Final Exams Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Final Exams Paper - Essay Example Troy is portrayed as a hard worker. He is aware of his position as the head of the family and all the responsibilities that result with it. He thinks that certain professions do not ensure a proper income and that should be kept in mind when choosing which line of work to get a job in. He takes his role as the breadwinner quite seriously and tries to instill the same work ethics in his children as well. His father had not done so during his childhood – he had been â€Å"an unloving and quick-tempered sharecropper† – so he had been determined to be otherwise with his family (Bogumil 34 - 35). He could have followed in his father’s footsteps but he was brave and determined enough to choose another path for himself so that his children would live a better life than he did. There is an argument that takes place between the father and son in the play in which Cory calls Troy out on his dislike of him. To this, Cory does not get a direct reply except an insinuat ion when Troy says â€Å"Don’t you eat everyday...Got a roof over your head...Clothes on your back...Why you think that is† (Wilson 1. 3. 1665). ... He had been a war soldier who had been sent back home with some cash due to an injury on the battlefield. Troy had used the money to purchase a house in which Gabriel did not even reside at. Instead of being grateful, Troy acts in an indifferent manner around him because he cannot manage his emotions properly leading to Gabriel thinking that his older brother was angry with him. The play shows that even though Troy loves his wife Rose, he has a tendency of making foolish mistakes. He has a son called Lyon who he had with his first wife. He has another son Cory with Rose. He also has an affair during his marriage with a woman called Alberta who ends up conceiving his child. The woman dies during childbirth and Rose agrees to look after the child who is named Raynell even though the husband and wife have separated. The way Troy treats Rose shows the flaws of his character. He was not satisfied with his time with Rose so he went behind her back and had relations with another woman witho ut even thinking twice about all the vows that he was breaking as well as the heart of the woman whom he loved. He is described as â€Å"an egocentric, tyrannical husband† and them having a â€Å"unilateral relationship† (Shannon 183). The reader may also notice â€Å"Troy’s sexism towards his wife Rose† (Shannon 184). He treats Rose as if she is below him just because she is a woman and that she cannot compare to his – or other men’s – greatness. There is a part in the play in which Troy and his friend are lounging around in the porch having a chat. When Rose passes by, he questions him about what she was making for dinner as if all that her life revolved around was the kitchen, her sole purpose being feeding the family. Once she

Mid-term essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Mid-term - Essay Example It was a time of religious intolerance when a strict theocratic rule existed in most of Europe. An example of the extreme power of the Papacy at around this period was its ability to wage wars against other countries. This powerful papacy launched the Crusades which fought for a period of two centuries against the Muslims who conquered and occupied the Near East, especially Jerusalem. It also fought against other perceived enemies of the faith such as those pagans in the Slavic region, the Jews, the Mongols and other peoples it considered as heretics. In the real sense, the papacy was a power unto itself and exercised both religious and temporal powers. It concerned itself with matters of the state and even kings bowed to it. It was against this backdrop that the Reformation movement begun that was started by a simple act of Martin Luther. He questioned some of the questionable practices of the clergy during his time. He saw how the clerical powers had been abused at the expense of o rdinary people and how it strayed so far away from its original religious mandate of saving the souls. It is necessary to give a brief background in order to understand the context in which Martin Luther challenged the papal authority and the manifest abuses of the system (Jacobs 7). Discussion The Catholic Church at around this time can be characterized, to put it mildly, as very corrupt. Candidates for the papacy outmaneuvered each other, engaged in political intrigues, some popes and priests were married and had families (before celibacy was imposed) and the general atmosphere within the Catholic hierarchy was far removed from religious matters. The main protest of Martin Luther was centered on the granting of indulgences. It was the practice of the Catholic Church at that time to give full or partial remissions for those sins committed and their accompanying or corresponding temporal punishment. Indulgences were replacements for severe penances imposed by the early church for si ns committed drawn from the supposed accumulated goodwill in the Treasury of Merit. Because the Church was very corrupt and engaged more in temporal matters than what was necessary, it was constantly in need of funds to finance its various projects like building massive cathedrals and to finance its religious wars. Due to this scarcity of funds, the Church decided to raise money through the sale of these so-called indulgences (Somervill 43). It was not originally intended by Martin Luther to split the Church itself but his intentions were just to point out the sheer error in selling indulgences when these were supposed to be free. A very important point raised by Luther was that indulgences cannot save sinners since forgiveness is a power granted by God alone and not from buying and paying for these indulgences. He saw how unfair it was for the pope at that time (Pope Leo) to finance construction of an extravagant St. Peter's Basilica when the papacy itself had so much money. Moreov er, he did not like the lavish lifestyle of the pope and the squandering of church funds through the support of extraneous things like art and culture. The pope had designated a short Dominican monk to undertake the sale of indulgences to raise funds; going from town to town, telling the people how they can save the souls of their relatives in Purgatory by buying indulgences. The Ninety-five Theses of Martin Luther –

Local Government Strategy Training Materials Essay

Local Government Strategy Training Materials - Essay Example Part 1 section 1 clearly states the major purpose of this Act as the need to provide a democratic and effective local government that clearly recognizes the important diversity realized in the country (Local Government Online, 2013). 2) Indeed, the Local Government plays a very important role in New Zealand. In Part 2 Section 10 of the Act, the Local Governments are meant to provide effective governance to the community at the local level and provide a valuable contribution to the social, economic and political wellbeing of the people. The Act further grants the local governments the relevant powers and capacity to ensure they can fulfill their mandate as specified in the Act. The powers of the local authorities are subject to other provisions of the Act and this ensures accountability and consultation of the local governments with other relevant authorities. 3 a) The Principles of the Treaty of Waitangi originated from the case filed in the high court, in which the New Zealand Maori Council sought to ensure that the restructuring of the government did not interfere with the assets which had been owned by the Maori. The principles are therefore intended to ensure a maintaining of the proper working environment between the Maori and the wider community of New Zealand. In this regard, there must be a compromise from the two sides in order to meet the goals of the Principles. The focus here is to ensure partnership and mutual benefit in the context of protecting the interests of the Maori. The principles therefore stress upon good faith, partnership active protection and the importance of compromise from both parties to ensure a proper working relationship (New Zealand Legislation, 2013). b) The clause seeks to provide a framework through which the Maori can be involved in decision making in the local authorities in order to grant them the opportunities to address their challenges. In any case, the principles greatly stress upon the need for participation and cons ultation between the Maori and the wider community and this clause therefore stresses upon that important need. 4) A bylaw is essentially a form of law or rule that is established by a community or organization in order to regulate itself. The law is usually established in accordance with some higher law or authority. Bylaws are normally different with other laws since their only apply to the entity within which they are established. In commonwealth countries, bylaws are regulated by the central governments of the countries and should therefore meet specific guidelines as specified by the law. 5) The constitution of New Zealand recognizes the three branches of government and clearly stipulates their core mandates. The constitution stresses upon the â€Å"separation of powers† and the three government organs are therefore independent in terms of operations. The legislature, judiciary and executive are nevertheless expected to work in collaboration in order to ensure compliance with the law. The function of the parliament is to make laws while the executive exercises these laws. The judiciary is an independent body that is mandated to interpret and ensure compliance with the laws in the country. The executives expected to consult the Judiciary on legislative and policy proposals. In the same way, the three organs are expected to respect the functions of one another in order to promote separation of power

Development of Photography in the Media

Development of Photography in the Media Kim Hwang In the incunabula or ‘swaddling stage’ of a medium, certain kinds of conventions are set that later get refined or challenged. Look at photography and/ or the cinema and discuss how these media emerged and then found stable forms. In the beginning, photography was a tough process. Getting a suitable picture required long exposures to the camera and processing time. The use of different materials shortened down the time frame substantially and made it more convenient for people to take pictures. It soon became a process many people wanted to use to capture moments of time. Soon, photographers found that they could manipulate the pictures and form illusions. A picture by an unknown photographer called â€Å"The Ghost of Milton† featured a solid human being with a transparent person standing beside him giving the illusion of the man being a ghost. Since usually pictures captured the real (making viewers felt as though they had been at the location of the picture and had seen what occurred with their own eyes) it made it seem as though ghosts are real. Cinema progressed in a similar way. It started out by simply capturing everyday events such as a baby eating a meal with its parents. It progressed to creati ng illusions by starting and stopping the recordings and adding effects. In the movie Voyage to the Moon the wizards took a trip to the moon and ran into unfriendly aliens. The wizards would hit the aliens with their wands and once hit, they would disappear into a puff of smoke. Even though that would never be able to happen in real life, the movie made viewers think it was actually possible because they were so fully invested in the movie. In these movies the camera was stuck in one location having the actors move instead of the camera. Later on the camera started moving so the viewers can see more of the scenery and feel more incorporated in the atmosphere. It also started zooming in and focusing on certain objects or people as a subtle foreshadowing. In Andre Bazin’s What is Cinema?, he talks about how the director would focus on the actor and his expression, then to food, and then on the actor moving towards the food and let the viewer figure out the storyline. There was also the example of the Kuleshov effect. There would be pictures of a blank faced actor and when paired with a coffin, the viewers would get the implication that the actor was sad. When paired with food, the viewers thought the actor was hungry, and when paired with a picture of a woman, the viewers thought the actor was portraying lust. With these techniques, the movie Triumph des Willens showed the death of a baby without using gore. There was a scene of the baby in the tram, a man with a knife, and a woman wailing with broken glasses and blood on her face. It explained to the viewer the horribly unfair death of an innocent baby without fully writing everything out for them. What does photography take from painting, and what does cinema take from photography? How do older and newer media relate, and in what ways does each new medium relate to and differ from its predecessors? Paintings, photography, and cinema are all connected to one another. Photography learned from its predecessor, paintings. Paintings always had a clear central focus. Since it was such a laborious process to paint a full painting, artists would pick an important object to focus their attention on. For example, Leonardo DeVinci’s painting The Last Supper focuses on Jesus as the center of the painting. All angles of the building in the background and the positioning of the other 12 disciples point as Jesus being the most important person. Photography also taught cinema that the audience has an imagination. Not everything needs to be perfect and realistic for the viewers to ‘see’ what the director wants them to ‘see’. In the book Film: A Very Short Introduction by Michael Wood he talks about a movie depicting a fake cardboard rock structure with a photographed sea. But, viewers still understand that the ship is out in the water and they are seeing it thro ugh a cave and still feel a part of the scenery. Photography also taught cinema the movement of still pictures. Multiple shots of a horse running showed that at one point all four hooves are off the ground, something cinema could never show. But alone, the photographs could never show a horse actually moving. But, flipping through the photos quickly easily shows the smooth gait. Cinema easily used the still shots of photos to emphasize points in the movie and to build up tension. For example, in Gone with the Wind, while Scarlett is running away, she hits an area with fire spreading through a train that was transporting explosives. The horse is frightened by the fire and does not want to move causing the viewers to be nervous, unsure if they will escape before everything blows up. The camera continuously cuts to the box of explosives and one could clearly see the fire moving dangerously closer. As the tension builds, Scarlett finally gets away and the watchers can finally â€Å"bre athe† again. We get similar feelings from just three simple pictures of still pictures of a lion statue in the movie â€Å"Battleship Potemkin†. Sergie Eisenstein used the three shots of the lion in between the footage of the opera house being leveled. The three pictures showed the lion in different positions making it look as if one lion was standing up, representing the people rising out of anger evoking â€Å"emotional and intellectual response†. The use of emotion to get a point across strongly is also taught by photography. Punctum in photos is something that, as Roland Bathes says in Camera Lucida, â€Å"pricks†¦and bruises† the viewers by having something in the photo that does not seem right and therefore it sticks with the viewer. In cinema, they use something similar such as the baby and the violence in â€Å"Battleship Potemkin† that would make the violence seem more intense, making the act of killing the baby stick with viewers. What is the photography effect? Can we discuss a similar â€Å"cinematic effect,† and if so, how would you describe it? Early on, photography was only used to capture the regular. But soon, the photographer Felix Nadar wanted to make something artistic out of the simple photos. But he had an issue, how was he going to make art when â€Å"photography was automatic and you press a button and capture the already existing perfection†? He easily solved this problem by using his signature style of switching up the positioning of the people he was photographing also changing the lighting. Shadows and angles quickly showed up and added a new dimension to each of the pictures. The photograph of Sarah Bernhardt shows clearly what can be done with the correct lighting and positioning. The light hits her from the left side adding in several shadows at the slightest curve. It adds sharper angles on her face emphasizing her already attractive features. As a result, the picture seems slightly more realistic. It feels as if she is sitting in the room, sitting right in front of you as the light comes in from th e side. With humans as the object of the photo, we, as viewers, feel more connected to the picture. Cinema does similar things creating â€Å"a gaze, a world, and an object, thereby producing an illusion† as said in Visual Pleasure by Laura Mulvey. For example, the videos of factory workers leaving the building and made the viewer feel as though they were standing in the middle of the road with swarms of people going around them. It then moves to more interesting and complicated techniques such as the positioning of the camera and the light during black and white movies. In the movie, Double Indemnity the camera moves to different locations in the room, which makes viewers feel as if they are in the room with the couple. Also, since the movie is black and white, the producers needed to make sure the lighting was perfect enough for the film to capture facial expressions. The facial expressions in film were a large part the movie-audience connection. In Gone with the Wind viewe rs watch as Scarlett schemes how to get more attention from her male companion by her facial expressions while trying on the bonnet. Viewers knew exactly what was going on in her mind without words or sound. Photography and cinema used the same techniques to include the audience by making the unreal seem real.

Story Sharing and Female Adolescent Faith Development :: Essays Papers

Story Sharing and Female Adolescent Faith Development Adolescence: Women in Crisis According to developmental psychologist Erik Erikson, the defining psychological crisis of adolescence is identity formation versus identity confusion (Erikson 1982). This involves defining what is most important to the individual in terms of ethics, long-term goals, and especially personal and interpersonal commitments. Erikson proposes three elements necessary for this formation: an experience of â€Å"inner sameness† or consistency between values and self-determined actions, a historical continuity of such decisions, and a community of important others who serve to validate that integrated self (1968). Ideally, self-confidence is evident for both genders during this period. However, the contrast between male and female commitments indicates that many females are not successful in forming a strong identity at this phase. To examine the varying commitments adolescents make during the identity formation crisis period, a team of adolescent psychologists interviewed hundreds of middle and high school aged people of both sexes. Each participant was asked to record a few things that were most important in their lives (i.e. family, career goals, life philosophy), then the interviewers asked them to say more about these themes. While the men mentioned subjects most pertinent to their own interests (school, political issues, and their futures), women focused mainly on interpersonal relationships. This alone may or may not indicate a gap in identity development, but the study indicated that women did not exclude talk of themselves and their lives, but rather spoke negatively about both: â€Å"Many older female subjects mentioned problems and ambivalence with regard to themselves (being uncertain and so on) and difficulties in committing themselves to the different aspects of their own personalities†(B osma 100). Why are they not committed to themselves? Perhaps they cannot not commit because they do not know to what they are committing. Neither are they committed to certain life philosophies that might inform their characters. In fact, religion was ranked one of the weakest commitments for older adolescent women. Do they honestly not care, or do they not know what to care about without the immediate feedback of others? In this light, the volatile nature of a woman’s attention to her own character may not be moodiness, then, but a deeper sense of despair at choosing to commit to something that might elicit a damaging critique from others. It is much safer to focus on something highly valued in the social world, like one’s friends, than something that could be construed as selfish, like schoolwork or faith.